Rigorous Expert Selection: A Methodological Pillar for Theoretical Validity in Educational-Medical Research

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Abstract

Introduction: Expert consultation is a methodological resource used in qualitative and mixed research in medical education, especially when complex constructs such as digital teaching competence need to be validated. However, its scientific rigor depends on the systematic and transparent selection of experts. 

Objective: To demonstrate that the quality of the expertise consulted is crucial for the theoretical and operational validity of instruments in educational-medical research. 

Methods: A methodological study was conducted at the University of Medical Sciences of Matanzas, Cuba, from 2023 to 2025. The universe consisted of specialists in medical education, health pedagogy, and educational technology with experience in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. A purposive sample of 15 experts was selected using explicit criteria. The competence coefficient (K) was calculated for each expert, with values ≥0.80 considered high competence. A two-phase expert consultation strategy was implemented, exploratory and validation with analysis based on consensus frequency (>80%) and qualitative improvement proposals.

Results: The results showed that this rigor allowed not only the validation of dimensions and indicators, but also the identification of conceptual shortcomings: inadequate use of verbs in attitudinal indicators (“knows” instead of “manifests”), overlap between dimensions (e.g., artificial intelligence in cognitive and procedural), and pre-specification of technological tools (Moodle, Canva), which limited generalizability. 

Conclusions: Expert selection is not an administrative procedure, but a central epistemological process that guarantees theoretical coherence, operational feasibility, and contextual relevance in educational-medical research. 

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Author Biography

Mara Verónica Alvarez Valdés, Hospital Clinico Quirurgico Docente Provincial Faustino Perez

Graduada de medico general en el 1993. De especiasta en Medicina Interna en e 1996. Subdirectora facultativa desde el 1997-1998. CAtegorizacion docente en el 2006, de asistente en el 2010 y el de auxiliar en el 2020.Diplomado en Cuidados Intensivos desde el 2001. master en Urgencias medicas en el 2009. Jefa del dpto de emergencias desde el,2006 hasta el 2011. Presidenta del Comite auditor por 4 años- Master en Educacion Medica en el 2022- Segundo grado en la Especialidad de Medicina Intensiva desde el 2019.Jefa del dpto Docente del HCQPD: Faustino Perez desde esa misma fecha.

Published

2026-01-14

How to Cite

1.
Alvarez Valdés MV, Gallardo Sarmiento A, Afonso de León JA, Ortega Suárez JD, Denis Pérez A. Rigorous Expert Selection: A Methodological Pillar for Theoretical Validity in Educational-Medical Research. Educación Médica Superior [Internet]. 2026 Jan. 14 [cited 2026 Jan. 29];40. Available from: https://ems.sld.cu/index.php/ems/article/view/5009

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