Public Educational Policies for Obstetric Complications of Adolescent Pregnancy: Prevention, Equity, and Sexual and Reproductive Rights

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Abstract

Introduction: Adolescence is characterized by profound physical, emotional, and social changes. This stage entails greater vulnerability to risks such as adolescent pregnancy, considered a priority public health problem in Latin America. Despite a general downward trend, the region maintains one of the highest rates in the world, with marked territorial inequalities. This phenomenon entails obstetric, neonatal, social, and economic consequences requiring urgent and comprehensive care from health systems.

Objective: To present a comparative perspective between Ecuador and other Latin American countries on obstetric complications of adolescent pregnancy, for the design and implementation of public educational policies focused on prevention, equity, and sexual and reproductive rights.

Methods: This was a documentary study using as a secondary source the Dynamic Mapping of Adolescent Pregnancy in Ecuador, a digital platform published online by the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador and developed in collaboration with the United Nations Population Fund and the United Nations Children's Fund. The tool provided updated statistics on pregnancy variables among Ecuadorian adolescents by year, age, province, and canton. The period analyzed spanned from 2020 to 2024.

Authors' position: Reducing adolescent pregnancy is possible through integrated, sustained, and culturally adapted policies. Ecuador could significantly benefit from adopting measures like those of other countries, with a special emphasis on comprehensive sexuality education, equitable access to modern contraceptive methods, strengthening differentiated services for adolescents, and intersectoral work with a rights-based approach.

Conclusions: There is evident need to strengthen strategies to prevent adolescent pregnancy, as well as to improve access to comprehensive reproductive health services in these areas. The experience of Latin American countries with better results demonstrates that it is possible to reduce adolescent fertility through coordinated and culturally relevant strategies.

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Published

2025-10-23

How to Cite

1.
Moreno Jácome VA, Arizaga Moreno MF, Moreno Rueda MV, Alarcón Andrade PG, Reales Chacon LJ, Silva Guayasamin LG. Public Educational Policies for Obstetric Complications of Adolescent Pregnancy: Prevention, Equity, and Sexual and Reproductive Rights. Educación Médica Superior [Internet]. 2025 Oct. 23 [cited 2025 Dec. 6];39. Available from: https://ems.sld.cu/index.php/ems/article/view/4934

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Artículos de posición