Performance of the General Integral Medicine Specialist in Cardiovascular Risk: Triangulation Between Knowing and Doing

Authors

  • Naifi Hierrezuelo Rojas Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba. Cuba/Policlínico Ramón López Peña, Servicio de Asistencia Médica. Santiago de Cuba, Cuba https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5782-4033
  • Rolando Bonal Ruiz Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba. Cuba/Policlínico Ramón López Peña, Servicio de Asistencia Médica. Santiago de Cuba, Cuba https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6528-1083
  • Alfredo Hernández Magdariaga Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba. Cuba/Centro Provincial de Higiene y Epidemiología, Servicio Asistencia Médica. Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2660-4545
  • Suniel Jhonson Valenciano Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba. Cuba/Unidad Municipal de Salud, Servicio Asistencia Médica. Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2167-1095
  • Mari Dalia Mocaren Rodríguez Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba. Cuba/Policlínico Ramón López Peña, Servicio de Asistencia Médica. Santiago de Cuba, Cuba https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4992-2446

Abstract

Introduction: Controlling cardiovascular risk is a priority to achieve the goals of reducing premature mortality set by the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization for 2026. The success of these goals depends on the performance of the General Integral Medicine specialist in primary care.

Objective: Assess the professional performance of the Family Medicine specialist in managing cardiovascular risk from knowledge and practice.

Methods: Mixed-method research based on Urbina Laza's competency theory. Methodological triangulation was used through self-perception surveys, clinical practice observation guides, and documentary review of medical records following HEARTS Initiative standards.

Results: A clear gap was identified between "knowing" and "doing." Although 80% of specialists reported high levels of theoretical knowledge, direct observation revealed a mechanical application of risk stratification, seen more as a bureaucratic requirement than a therapeutic tool. Care was predominantly reactive and focused on the biological symptom, with social determinants being overlooked. The prevailing communication model was paternalistic and one-way, which limited shared decision-making and patient adherence.

Conclusions: There is a gap in transferring skills into real practice. The current performance, fragmented and focused on symptoms, makes it hard to reach the health goals projected for 2026. It's crucial to have educational support that integrates the HEARTS Calculator into the workflow and encourages motivational interviewing to change the care habits.

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Published

2026-11-09

How to Cite

1.
Hierrezuelo Rojas N, Bonal Ruiz R, Hernández Magdariaga A, Jhonson Valenciano S, Mocaren Rodríguez MD. Performance of the General Integral Medicine Specialist in Cardiovascular Risk: Triangulation Between Knowing and Doing. Educación Médica Superior [Internet]. 2026 Nov. 9 [cited 2026 Nov. 10];40. Available from: https://ems.sld.cu/index.php/ems/article/view/5062

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