Medical Students and Simulation in Pharmacology: Attitudes and Implications for Innovation and Clinical Competencies

Abstract

Introduction: Currently, medical students in Ecuador do not use simulation for pharmacology training. However, virtual and high-fidelity simulation represents an innovative strategy to improve learning in this area, allowing practice of prescription and drug interaction management in safe environments.

Objective: To evaluate the attitudes of Ecuadorian medical students toward the use of simulation programs in pharmacology teaching.

Methods: Quasi-experimental study with mixed-methods approach conducted with 150 students in clinical courses. A validated Technology Acceptance Model survey was applied pre- and post-intervention using virtual simulation (Body Interact and prescription software). Four focus groups were conducted with 32 participants. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses (Wilcoxon test, statistical software) and thematic analysis of focus groups were used.

Results: Attitudes toward simulation were positive, with high perceived usefulness and ease of use post-intervention. Students showed significant increase in confidence for safe prescribing and drug interaction management. Focus groups highlighted realism, safety, and practical utility as key factors of acceptance, along with the need for greater simulator access.

Conclusions: Medical students in Ecuador exhibit favorable attitudes toward simulation in pharmacology and significantly improve clinical competencies through its use. It is recommended to include virtual and high-fidelity simulators as a fundamental component of the pharmacology curriculum to enhance safer and more effective training.