Historical tendencies concerning the Health Situation Analysis within medical training in Cuba

Authors

Keywords:

health situation diagnosis, curriculum, undergraduate medical education, general physicians, public health, historical tendencies.

Abstract

Introduction: The health situation analysis is a methodological scientific instrument.

Objective: To determine the historical tendencies concerning the development of the teaching-learning of the health situation analysis in medical training.

Methods: A pedagogical research was carried out, between September 2020 and June 2021, in the medical university of Ciego de Ávila Province, Cuba. Theoretical methods (historical-logical, analytical-synthetic and inductive-deductive) facilitated to know the evolution and development of the investigated object, revealing its antecedents, the stages of its evolution, as well as its essential historical connections. Document analysis and the triangulation of sources, as empirical methods, facilitated the critical analysis of the information. The three indicators constructed were content systematization, interdisciplinary relationship in the study plan, and level of intercultural interaction between student and a social actor in the theoretical-practical connection of the content. Ethical principles were complied with.

Results: As a tendency, the turning point was 1970, when a subject was introduced under the name The Man and His Environment. Four stages were identified: approximation (1970-1987), integration (1988-2004), consolidation in community intervention (2005-2015), and concretion in the ninth semester (2016-2021). The changes were evidenced through the qualitative leap in each indicator.

Conclusions: The succession of reforms has projected the health situation analysis as a professional curricular axis, but insufficient interdisciplinary and intercultural connections persist, avoiding to achieve community intervention.

Author Biographies

Reinaldo Pablo García Pérez, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila

Doctor en Ciencias Pedagógicas. Máster en Educación Médica. Especialista de Primer y Segundo Grados en Medicina General Integral. Profesor Titular.  Investigador Auxiliar. Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila. Facultad “Dr. José Assef Yara”. Ciego de Ávila, Cuba.

Adelaida María Ballbé Valdés, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila.

Doctor en Ciencias Pedagógicas. Máster en Educación Superior. Licenciada en Química. Profesora Titular. Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila. Cuba.

Homero Calixto Fuentes González, Hospital General Docente “Juan Bruno Zayas”

Doctor en Ciencias. Licenciado en Física. Profesor Titular y Emérito. Investigador Titular. Hospital General Docente “Juan Bruno Zayas”. Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba. Cuba.

Hipólito Peralta Benítez, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila

Doctor en Ciencias Agrícolas. Licenciado en Química. Profesor Titular. Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila. Cuba.

Natacha Rivera Michelena†, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. Facultad “Miguel Enríquez”

Doctor en Ciencias Pedagógicas. Máster en Educación Médica. Licenciada en Psicología. Profesora Titular. Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. Facultad “Miguel Enríquez”. Cuba.

Alejandro Samir Fernández Alpizar, Policlínico Universitario Norte de Ciego de Ávila

Médico residente de primer año de Medicina General Integral. Profesor Instructor. Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila. Policlínico Universitario Norte de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba

Published

2022-05-30

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